Dissolved Oxygen

In culture ponds, dissolved oxygen dynamics reflect the overall condition of the pond environment. When photoautotrophs dominate, they consume inorganic carbon and produce oxygen at a faster rate than the heterotrophs, which take up oxygen and organic carbon. Because autotrophs shift to respiratory metabolism at night, diurnal shifts in oxygen concentration are characteristic in autotroph-dominated shrimp ponds. However, the amplitude of oxygen fluctuation remains within the safety limits for shrimp.

Low sunlight conditions reduce photosynthesis and lower the rate of oxygen production, while bright sunny days lead to high rates of photosynthesis.  Phyto-plankton density influences oxygen production in ponds. If plankton density is high, photosynthesis will be limited to the surface zone because sunlight will be shaded out a few centimeters below the top.

Dissolved oxygen levels will differ with water depth. Bottom water can be relatively anoxic, while surface water oxygen levels are at or above saturation. Increasing the turnover of bottom and surface waters helps to reduce low oxygen conditions near the pond bottom.

Critical dissolved oxygen levels in pond water that relate directly to shrimp health are:

xygen is a critical factor in the heterotrophic pathways. When oxygen is limiting, anaerobic metabolism will partially decompose the organic material and some of the end products are toxic, or potentially toxic, to shrimp (e.g., H2S, CH4, NHA organic acids).

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